This may seem trivial but, the following definitions of continuity of a function f(x) on a metric space are equivalent -
- \forall \epsilon > 0, \exists \delta > 0 such that for every point x, d(x,y) < \delta \implies d(f(x), f(y)) < \epsilon
- x_n \rightarrow x \implies f(x_n) \rightarrow f(x)
I will just give the proof for 2) \implies 1), since the other way round is easier.
To find the \delta for any \epsilon > 0 in 1), Consider the set \mathcal{A} of all sequences x_n \rightarrow x . Now, from the definition of continuity in 2) we know that for all sequences f(x^i_n) \rightarrow f(x) for \{x^i_n\} \in \mathcal{A}. Hence, \exists N^i such that \forall n>N^i , d(f(x^i_n), f(x)) < \epsilon. Let
\delta = \arg_{x^i_N} \min_{x^i_n \in \mathcal{A}} d(x,x^i_N)
Thus this value of \delta can be used to find the neighbour-hood in 2).
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